قال الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم. القرآن الكريم


Kafih Jerusalem, 1984 , ch	however, there is no relevant archaeological, epigraphic, or numismatic evidence dating from the time of Muhammad, nor are there any references to him in non-Muslim sources dating from the period before 632

Moreover, many of them provide evidence of embellishment and invention that were introduced to serve the purposes of political or religious apologetic.

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كيف ومتى توفي الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم: These sources contain internal complexities, anachronisms, discrepancies, and contradictions
القرآن الكريم: Ideally, one would like to be able to check such accounts against contemporary evidence
الشيعة

137 Netanel's work was virtually unknown beyond his native Yemen until modern times, so had little influence on later Jewish thought• sources are not contemporaneous with the events they purport to relate and sometimes were written many centuries later	Seeing Islam as others saw it: a survey and evaluation of Christian, Jewish, Robert G
Plagued by the West , translated by Paul Sprachman	Peter Teed 1992 , p

Hitti, History of the Arabs, 10th edition 1970 , p.

10

محمد: 5, "One major challenge to examining initial contacts between Byzantium and the early Muslim umma arises from the controversy surrounding the traditional Islamic account
كيف ومتى توفي الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم
محمد: Lapidus 2002 , pp 0

	See, for example, Bowersock, Glen Warren, Peter Robert Lamont Brown and Oleg Grabar Late Antiquity: A Guide to the Postclassical World 1999, Harvard University Press p
El-Cheikh, Nadia Maria Byzantium Viewed by the Arabs 2004, Harvard University Press p	, 1998, , Vol 10, p

.

1

كيف يكون حب الرسول
محمد: The Shia Revival: How Conflicts Within Islam Will Shape the Future
الشيعة